Cell Growth and Death

Regulation of the Cell Cycle

Cell growth and division are tightly regulated processes that ensure normal development, tissue repair, and maintenance of homeostasis. The cell cycle describes the sequence of events through which a cell replicates its DNA and divides into two daughter cells. Understanding the phases of the cell cycle and their regulatory checkpoints is essential for recognising how uncontrolled proliferation leads to disease.

DNA Replication and Mitosis

Accurate DNA replication is fundamental to cell survival. This section explores the mechanisms of DNA replication, the structure of chromosomes, and the stages of mitosis that allow for equal distribution of genetic material. These processes are central to growth, tissue regeneration, and the maintenance of genomic stability.

Meiosis and Programmed Cell Death

In addition to mitosis, this section covers meiosis, the specialised form of cell division that produces gametes and generates genetic variation. The physiology of cell death is equally important, as controlled mechanisms such as apoptosis prevent the accumulation of damaged or abnormal cells. Together, these topics provide a foundation for understanding oncology, genetics, and developmental biology in clinical medicine.