Immunology & Haematology

Overview

Immunology and haematology examine the physiology of blood and the mechanisms that protect the body from infection and disease. These systems are closely linked, with blood serving as the medium for immune cells, antibodies, and signalling molecules. Together, they maintain oxygen delivery, haemostasis, and host defence.

Key Topics

This section covers core haematological principles such as iron metabolism and blood groups, alongside the structure and function of immune cells. It explores innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, cytokine signalling, complement activation, immune memory, and the physiological basis of infection and antimicrobial therapy. These topics provide a structured understanding of how the body detects, responds to, and remembers pathogens.

Clinical Relevance and Learning Focus

Disruption of blood physiology or immune regulation can result in anaemia, immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, or dysregulated inflammatory responses. A solid understanding of immunology and haematology supports interpretation of laboratory investigations, infection patterns, and immune-mediated disease. This section emphasises integration between cellular mechanisms, systemic responses, and clinical presentation.