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  • Biochemistry
  • Histology
  • Cardiovascular
  • Respiratory
  • Gastrointestinal
  • Urinary
  • Reproductive
  • Neurology
  • Endocrine
  • Immunology/Haematology

Growth & Death

  • Apoptosis
  • Cell Cycle
  • DNA Replication
  • Meiosis
  • Mitosis

Molecules and Signalling

  • Active Transport
  • Cellular Receptors
  • Diffusion
  • Endocytosis and Exocytosis
  • Enzyme Inhibition
  • Enzyme Kinetics
  • G-proteins
  • Osmosis

Protein Synthesis

  • Protein Structure
  • Transcription of DNA
  • Translation of DNA

ATP Production

  • Anaerobic Respiration
  • Electron Transport Chain
  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Glycolysis
  • TCA Cycle

Electrolytes

  • Calcium Regulation
  • External Balance of Potassium
  • Internal Balance of Potassium
  • Sodium Regulation

Cell Structures

  • Cell Membrane
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Lysosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus

Tissue Structure

  • Blood Vessels
  • Bones
  • Cartilage
  • Cellular Adaptations
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Muscle Histology
  • Nerves
  • Skin
  • Structure of Glands

Cardiac Output

  • Control of Stroke Volume
  • Control of Heart Rate

Cardiac Cycle

  • Cardiac Cycle
  • Cardiac Pacemaker Cells
  • Conduction System
  • Contraction of Cardiac Muscle
  • The ECG
  • Ventricular Action Potentials

Circulation

  • Blood Flow in Vessels
  • Control of Blood Pressure
  • Capillary Exchange
  • Flow In Peripheral Circulation
  • Venous Return

Special Circulations

  • Cardiac Muscle
  • Cerebral
  • Cutaneous
  • Hepatic Circulation
  • Pulmonary
  • Skeletal Muscle

Pulmonary Ventilation

  • Airway Resistance
  • Lung Volumes
  • Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange

  • Gas Exchange
  • Oxygen Transport in The Blood
  • Transport of Carbon Dioxide in the Blood
  • Ventilation-Perfusion Matching

Regulation of Respiration

  • Chemoreceptors
  • Cough Reflex
  • Neural Control of Ventilation
  • Respiratory Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
  • Responses of The Respiratory System to Stress

Mouth

  • Regulation of Saliva
  • Secretion of Saliva
  • Swallowing

Stomach

  • Gastric Acid Production
  • Appetite
  • Gastric Mucus Production

Small Intestine

  • Digestion and Absorption
  • Histology and Cellular Function of the Small Intestine

Large Intestine

  • Absorption in the Large Intestine
  • Defecation
  • Large Intestinal Motility

Liver

  • Bilirubin Metabolism
  • Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Liver
  • Lipid Metabolism in the Liver
  • Protein and Ammonia Metabolism in the Liver
  • Storage Functions of the Liver

Vitamins

  • Vitamin K

Other

  • Bile Production
  • Function of The Spleen
  • Exocrine Pancreas
  • Somatostatin

Nephron

  • Glomerulus
  • Proximal Convoluted Tubule
  • Loop of Henle
  • Distal Convoluted Tubule and Collecting Duct

Micturition

  • Storage Phase of Micturition
  • Voiding Phase of Micturition

Regulation

  • Antidiuretic Hormone
  • Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
  • Urinary Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
  • Water Filtration and Reabsorption

Embryology

  • Development of the Reproductive System
  • Gametogenesis

Hormones and Regulation

  • Gonadotropins and the Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis
  • Puberty
  • Menstrual Cycle
  • Menopause

Fetal Physiology

  • Placental Development
  • Fetal Circulation

Pregnancy

  • Coitus
  • Conception
  • Labour
  • Lactation
  • Maternal Adaptations in Pregnancy

Components

  • Cells of the Nervous System
  • Central Nervous System
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Neurotransmitters
  • Peripheral Nervous System

Synapses

  • Action Potential
  • Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Signalling
  • Myelin
  • Resting Membrane Potential
  • Synaptic Plasticity
  • Synaptic Transmission

Sensory System

  • Ascending Tracts
  • Auditory Pathway
  • Consciousness and Sleep
  • Modalities of Sensation
  • Pain Pathways
  • Sensory Acuity
  • Visual Pathway

Motor System

  • Descending Tracts
  • Lower Motor Neurones
  • Muscle Stretch Reflex
  • Upper Motor Neurones

Ocular Physiology

  • Aqueous Humour
  • Ocular Accommodation
  • The Retina

Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

  • Thyroid Gland
  • Parathyroid Glands

Adrenal Glands

  • Adrenal Medulla
  • Zona Glomerulosa
  • Zona Fasciculata
  • Zona Reticularis

The Pancreas

  • Endocrine Pancreas
  • Insulin
  • Glucagon

Hypothalamus and Pituitary

  • The Hypothalamus
  • Anterior Pituitary
  • Posterior Pituitary

Cells of the Immune System

  • B Cells
  • Phagocytes
  • T Cells
  • White Blood Cells – Summary

Innate Immune System

  • Barriers to Infection
  • Cytokines
  • Infection Recognition Molecules
  • Phagocytosis
  • The Complement System

Adaptive Immune System

  • Antibodies
  • Antigen Processing and Presentation
  • Primary and Secondary Immune Responses
  • T Cell Memory

Immune Responses

  • Acute Inflammation
  • Autoimmunity
  • Chronic Inflammation
  • Hypersensitivity Reactions
  • Immunodeficiency
  • Types of Immunity

Infections

  • Antibiotics
  • Pathogens
  • Viral Infection

Haematology

  • Blood Groups
  • Coagulation
  • Erythropoiesis
  • Iron Metabolism
  • Mononuclear Phagocyte System
  • Platelets

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